<?xml version="1.0"?>
<SAORecordList>
<SAORecord
FormatVersion="5.0"
StartTimeUTC="2026-01-28 -028 20:00:00.000"
URSICode="SAA0K"
StationName="SaoLuis"
GeoLatitude="-2.6"
GeoLongitude="315.8"
Source="Ionosonde"
SourceType="DPS-4"
ScalerType="auto">
<SystemInfo UMLStationID="903">
<FrequencyStepping StartFrequency="1.0" StopFrequency="18.0">
<LinearStepping Step="0.05" Units="MHz" />
</FrequencyStepping>
<RangeStepping StartRange="80.0" StopRange="1360.0" >
<LinearStepping Step="5.0" Units="km" />
</RangeStepping>
<AutoScaler Name="Artist5" Version="500200" ArtistFlags="1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 33 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 "/>
<Comments>AR.5002.44 Confidence: 65% PACIFIC flags: F2x cusp not found, Multiple candidates for F2x cusp, One of F2 cusps was derived from the other</Comments>
<ContactPerson>
<Name>Dr. Mangalathayil Ali Abdu</Name>
<Affiliation>INPE, Division of Aeronomy</Affiliation>
<Address>Av dos Astronautas, 1.758 Jd. Granja - CEP: 12227-010 Sao Jose dos Campos - SP Brasil</Address>
<Email>maabdu@dae.inpe.br</Email>
</ContactPerson>
<StartTime Format="yyyy.MM.dd (DDD) HH:mm:ss" TimeZone="Coordinated Universal Time" >
2026.01.28 (028) 20:00:00</StartTime>
<SolarTerrestrialData>
<GyroFrequency Val="0.63" Model="IGRF 3.0" Altitude="300"/>
<DipAngle Val="-11.12" Model="IGRF 3.0" Altitude="300"/>
<DeclinationAngle Val="-19.74" Model="IGRF 3.0" Altitude="300"/>
<SunSpotNumber Val="-1.0" Status="predicted"/>
</SolarTerrestrialData>
<DigisondePreface Format="FF">
FF202602801282000009039031101000005018000000001107501000080502560000000040000
</DigisondePreface>
</SystemInfo>
<CharacteristicList Num="31" >
<URSI ID="00" Val="10.200" Name="foF2" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="03" Val="2.232" Name="M(D)" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="07" Val="22.771" Name="MUF(D)" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="42" Val="2.050" Name="fmin" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="30" Val="6.450" Name="foEs" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="80" Val="3.800" Name="fminF" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="81" Val="2.050" Name="fminE" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="20" Val="2.310" Name="foE" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="51" Val="10.500" Name="fxI" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="16" Val="265.000" Name="h`F" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="04" Val="265.000" Name="h`F2" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="24" Val="104.486" Name="h`E" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="34" Val="105.000" Name="h`Es" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="90" Val="98.467" Name="hmE" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="83" Val="8.334" Name="yE" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="86" Val="0.150" Name="FF" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="88" Val="9.500" Name="fMUF" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="89" Val="600.000" Name="h`(fMUF)" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<Modeled Name="foEp" Val="2.296" Units="MHz" ModelName="CCIR-79" />
<URSI ID="61" Val="3.800" Name="f(h`F)" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="60" Val="3.800" Name="f(h`F2)" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="92" Val="427.043" Name="hmF2" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="93" Val="297.131" Name="zhalfNm" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<Modeled Name="foF2p" Val="8.016" Units="MHz" ModelName="URSI-88" ModelOptions="NoStorm" />
<Custom Name="fminEs" Val="2.350" Description="Minimum frequency of Es-layer" Units="MHz" />
<URSI ID="94" Val="173.264" Name="yF2" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="71" Val="51.081" Name="TEC" Units="TECU" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="09" Val="90.317" Name="scale F2" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="D0" Val="214.510" Name="B0" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="D1" Val="1.290" Name="B1" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="32" Val="3.800" Name="fbEs" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
</CharacteristicList>
<TraceList Num="3">
<Trace Type="standard" Layer="F2" Polarization="O" Num="129">
<FrequencyList Type="float" Units="MHz" Description="Nominal Frequency" >
3.8 3.85 3.9 3.95 4.0 4.05 4.1 4.15 4.2 4.25 4.3 4.35 4.4 4.45 4.5 4.55 4.6 4.65 4.7 4.75 4.8 4.85 4.9 4.95 5.0 5.05 5.1 5.15 5.2 5.25 5.3 5.35 5.4 5.45 5.5 5.55 5.6 5.65 5.7 5.75 5.8 5.85 5.9 5.95 6.0 6.05 6.1 6.15 6.2 6.25 6.3 6.35 6.4 6.45 6.5 6.55 6.6 6.65 6.7 6.75 6.8 6.85 6.9 6.95 7.0 7.05 7.1 7.15 7.2 7.25 7.3 7.35 7.4 7.45 7.5 7.55 7.6 7.65 7.7 7.75 7.8 7.85 7.9 7.95 8.0 8.05 8.1 8.15 8.2 8.25 8.3 8.35 8.4 8.45 8.5 8.55 8.6 8.65 8.7 8.75 8.8 8.85 8.9 8.95 9.0 9.05 9.1 9.15 9.2 9.25 9.3 9.35 9.4 9.45 9.5 9.55 9.6 9.65 9.7 9.75 9.8 9.85 9.9 9.95 10.0 10.05 10.1 10.15 10.2
</FrequencyList>
<RangeList Type="float" Units="km" Description="Group Range" >
265.000 265.000 265.000 265.000 265.000 275.000 275.000 275.000 280.000 282.500 285.000 285.000 285.000 290.000 290.000 300.000 301.667 303.333 305.000 305.000 305.000 310.000 315.000 316.667 318.333 320.000 321.667 323.333 325.000 335.000 335.000 340.000 340.000 342.500 345.000 345.000 349.000 353.000 357.000 361.000 365.000 365.000 370.000 370.000 372.500 375.000 380.000 380.000 382.500 385.000 390.000 390.000 395.000 395.000 400.000 400.000 405.000 410.000 410.000 415.000 415.000 420.000 420.000 425.000 425.000 430.000 435.000 435.000 440.000 440.000 445.000 450.000 450.000 455.000 455.000 460.000 460.000 465.000 470.000 475.000 475.000 485.000 485.000 490.000 495.000 500.000 500.000 510.000 515.000 515.000 520.000 525.000 530.000 535.000 535.000 540.000 545.000 550.000 550.000 555.000 560.000 560.000 560.000 565.000 570.000 575.000 575.000 577.500 580.000 580.000 590.000 595.000 595.000 600.000 600.000 610.000 610.000 620.000 620.000 626.250 630.696 635.725 641.460 648.062 655.741 664.785 675.596 688.744 705.081
</RangeList>
<TraceValueList Name="Amplitude" Type="integer" Units="dB" NoValue="0" Description="Relative Amplitude" >
51 54 48 54 48 51 51 72 63 0 63 66 60 60 63 51 0 0 51 57 54 60 54 0 51 0 48 0 51 54 63 54 57 0 54 54 0 57 0 0 48 60 66 66 0 60 63 69 0 69 69 69 66 69 69 72 69 63 69 66 72 69 72 69 69 63 57 66 63 69 69 63 72 72 75 75 69 69 72 75 75 69 75 75 75 72 72 69 66 69 66 60 57 57 60 60 57 60 66 69 66 69 63 0 66 60 63 0 63 63 60 60 63 63 63 63 63 60 60 0 57 0 48 0 0 45 57 57 0
</TraceValueList>
<TraceValueList Name="DopplerShift" Type="float" Units="Hz" NoValue="99.0" Description="Doppler Frequency Shift" >
0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 1.171875 -0.390625 1.171875 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -1.171875 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 2.734375 -0.390625 0.390625 -1.171875 0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625
</TraceValueList>
</Trace>
<Trace Type="standard" Layer="E" Polarization="O" Num="6">
<FrequencyList Type="float" Units="MHz" Description="Nominal Frequency" >
2.05 2.1 2.15 2.2 2.25 2.3
</FrequencyList>
<RangeList Type="float" Units="km" Description="Group Range" >
104.486 105.258 106.123 107.107 108.250 109.619
</RangeList>
<TraceValueList Name="Amplitude" Type="integer" Units="dB" NoValue="0" Description="Relative Amplitude" >
51 60 51 0 0 51
</TraceValueList>
<TraceValueList Name="DopplerShift" Type="float" Units="Hz" NoValue="99.0" Description="Doppler Frequency Shift" >
-0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625
</TraceValueList>
</Trace>
<Trace Type="standard" Layer="Es" Polarization="O" Num="83">
<FrequencyList Type="float" Units="MHz" Description="Nominal Frequency" >
2.35 2.4 2.45 2.5 2.55 2.6 2.65 2.7 2.75 2.8 2.85 2.9 2.95 3.0 3.05 3.1 3.15 3.2 3.25 3.3 3.35 3.4 3.45 3.5 3.55 3.6 3.65 3.7 3.75 3.8 3.85 3.9 3.95 4.0 4.05 4.1 4.15 4.2 4.25 4.3 4.35 4.4 4.45 4.5 4.55 4.6 4.65 4.7 4.75 4.8 4.85 4.9 4.95 5.0 5.05 5.1 5.15 5.2 5.25 5.3 5.35 5.4 5.45 5.5 5.55 5.6 5.65 5.7 5.75 5.8 5.85 5.9 5.95 6.0 6.05 6.1 6.15 6.2 6.25 6.3 6.35 6.4 6.45
</FrequencyList>
<RangeList Type="float" Units="km" Description="Group Range" >
105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 106.250 107.500 108.750 110.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.833 106.667 107.500 108.333 109.167 110.000 110.000 110.000 110.000 110.000 110.000
</RangeList>
<TraceValueList Name="Amplitude" Type="integer" Units="dB" NoValue="0" Description="Relative Amplitude" >
63 0 0 0 0 72 69 0 0 54 63 63 0 0 69 0 69 0 0 78 75 75 72 0 72 0 0 72 63 72 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 63 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 48 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 48 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 48 0 0 0 0 0 48 0 0 0 45 45
</TraceValueList>
<TraceValueList Name="DopplerShift" Type="float" Units="Hz" NoValue="99.0" Description="Doppler Frequency Shift" >
-0.390625 0.390625 -1.953125 -0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 -2.734375 0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 -2.734375 0.390625 -2.734375 0.390625 -2.734375 0.390625 1.171875 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 2.734375 -0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 -2.734375 0.390625 -1.953125 -0.390625 1.171875 -0.390625 -0.390625
</TraceValueList>
</Trace>
</TraceList>
<ProfileList Num="1">
<Profile  Algorithm="NH" AlgorithmVersion="4.33" Type="vertical" >
<Tabulated Num="188">
<AltitudeList Type="float" Units="km" Description="Altitude above station level" >
90.0 95.0 98.467 100.0 105.0 105.089 110.0 111.712 115.0 118.334 120.0 125.0 130.0 135.0 140.0 145.0 150.0 155.0 160.0 165.0 170.0 175.0 180.0 185.0 190.0 195.0 200.0 205.0 210.0 215.0 220.0 225.0 230.0 235.0 240.0 245.0 250.0 255.0 260.0 265.0 270.0 275.0 280.0 285.0 290.0 295.0 300.0 305.0 310.0 315.0 320.0 325.0 330.0 335.0 340.0 345.0 350.0 355.0 360.0 365.0 370.0 375.0 380.0 385.0 390.0 395.0 400.0 405.0 410.0 415.0 420.0 425.0 427.043 430.0 435.0 440.0 445.0 450.0 455.0 460.0 465.0 470.0 475.0 480.0 485.0 490.0 495.0 500.0 505.0 510.0 515.0 520.0 525.0 530.0 535.0 540.0 545.0 550.0 555.0 560.0 565.0 570.0 575.0 580.0 585.0 590.0 595.0 600.0 605.0 610.0 615.0 620.0 625.0 630.0 635.0 640.0 645.0 650.0 655.0 660.0 665.0 670.0 675.0 680.0 685.0 690.0 695.0 700.0 705.0 710.0 715.0 720.0 725.0 730.0 735.0 740.0 745.0 750.0 755.0 760.0 765.0 770.0 775.0 780.0 785.0 790.0 795.0 800.0 805.0 810.0 815.0 820.0 825.0 830.0 835.0 840.0 845.0 850.0 855.0 860.0 865.0 870.0 875.0 880.0 885.0 890.0 895.0 900.0 905.0 910.0 915.0 920.0 925.0 930.0 935.0 940.0 945.0 950.0 955.0 960.0 965.0 970.0 975.0 980.0 985.0 990.0 995.0 1000.0
</AltitudeList>
<ProfileValueList Name="PlasmaFrequency" Type="float" Units="MHz" Description="Plasma frequency" >
0.2 2.099 2.31 2.303 2.185 2.182 2.182 2.182 2.246 2.31 2.342 2.44 2.539 2.641 2.747 2.857 2.971 3.091 3.216 3.347 3.484 3.627 3.774 3.926 4.082 4.24 4.4 4.56 4.72 4.879 5.037 5.193 5.347 5.498 5.647 5.794 5.938 6.081 6.221 6.36 6.496 6.631 6.765 6.897 7.028 7.158 7.286 7.414 7.541 7.667 7.793 7.919 8.044 8.168 8.293 8.418 8.542 8.667 8.792 8.917 9.042 9.167 9.292 9.417 9.541 9.663 9.783 9.897 10.002 10.093 10.161 10.197 10.2 10.199 10.192 10.18 10.162 10.139 10.111 10.078 10.04 9.997 9.951 9.9 9.846 9.788 9.726 9.662 9.594 9.523 9.45 9.374 9.296 9.216 9.134 9.05 8.964 8.877 8.788 8.698 8.607 8.515 8.422 8.328 8.234 8.139 8.043 7.948 7.852 7.755 7.659 7.563 7.466 7.37 7.274 7.178 7.082 6.987 6.892 6.798 6.704 6.611 6.518 6.426 6.334 6.243 6.153 6.064 5.975 5.887 5.8 5.714 5.628 5.544 5.46 5.377 5.296 5.214 5.134 5.055 4.977 4.9 4.823 4.748 4.673 4.6 4.527 4.455 4.385 4.315 4.246 4.178 4.111 4.045 3.979 3.915 3.852 3.789 3.728 3.667 3.607 3.548 3.49 3.433 3.376 3.321 3.266 3.212 3.159 3.107 3.056 3.005 2.955 2.906 2.858 2.81 2.763 2.717 2.672 2.627 2.583 2.54 2.497 2.455 2.414 2.374 2.334 2.294

</ProfileValueList>
</Tabulated>
<ShiftedChebyshevList Num="2" >
<ShiftedChebyshev Region="E" StartFrequency="0.2" EndFrequency="2.31" PeakHeight="98.467" Num="3" Error="3.117">
-12.29 4.875 -1.052
</ShiftedChebyshev>
<ShiftedChebyshev Region="F2" StartFrequency="2.31" EndFrequency="10.2" PeakHeight="427.043" Num="5" zHalfNm="297.131" Error="4.018">
-266.194 -67.083 39.186 -18.992 4.374
</ShiftedChebyshev>
</ShiftedChebyshevList>
<ProfileValley Model="ULCAR" Width="19.867" Depth="0.128"/>
<TopsideChapman PeakHeight="427.043" PeakDensity="1290818.9" PeakScaleHeight="90.317" />
</Profile>
</ProfileList>
</SAORecord>
</SAORecordList>
