<?xml version="1.0"?>
<SAORecordList>
<SAORecord
FormatVersion="5.0"
StartTimeUTC="2026-01-29 -029 11:20:00.000"
URSICode="SAA0K"
StationName="SaoLuis"
GeoLatitude="-2.6"
GeoLongitude="315.8"
Source="Ionosonde"
SourceType="DPS-4"
ScalerType="auto">
<SystemInfo UMLStationID="903">
<FrequencyStepping StartFrequency="1.0" StopFrequency="18.0">
<LinearStepping Step="0.05" Units="MHz" />
</FrequencyStepping>
<RangeStepping StartRange="80.0" StopRange="1360.0" >
<LinearStepping Step="5.0" Units="km" />
</RangeStepping>
<AutoScaler Name="Artist5" Version="500200" ArtistFlags="1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 "/>
<Comments>AR.5002.44 Confidence: 85% PACIFIC flags: Multiple candidates for F2x cusp, One of F2 cusps was derived from the other</Comments>
<ContactPerson>
<Name>Dr. Mangalathayil Ali Abdu</Name>
<Affiliation>INPE, Division of Aeronomy</Affiliation>
<Address>Av dos Astronautas, 1.758 Jd. Granja - CEP: 12227-010 Sao Jose dos Campos - SP Brasil</Address>
<Email>maabdu@dae.inpe.br</Email>
</ContactPerson>
<StartTime Format="yyyy.MM.dd (DDD) HH:mm:ss" TimeZone="Coordinated Universal Time" >
2026.01.29 (029) 11:20:00</StartTime>
<SolarTerrestrialData>
<GyroFrequency Val="0.63" Model="IGRF 3.0" Altitude="300"/>
<DipAngle Val="-11.12" Model="IGRF 3.0" Altitude="300"/>
<DeclinationAngle Val="-19.74" Model="IGRF 3.0" Altitude="300"/>
<SunSpotNumber Val="-1.0" Status="predicted"/>
</SolarTerrestrialData>
<DigisondePreface Format="FF">
FF202602901291120009039031101000005018000000001107501000080502560000000040000
</DigisondePreface>
</SystemInfo>
<CharacteristicList Num="30" >
<URSI ID="00" Val="9.750" Name="foF2" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="03" Val="2.781" Name="M(D)" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="07" Val="27.112" Name="MUF(D)" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="42" Val="2.550" Name="fmin" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="30" Val="3.500" Name="foEs" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="80" Val="3.550" Name="fminF" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="81" Val="2.550" Name="fminE" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="20" Val="2.660" Name="foE" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="51" Val="10.150" Name="fxI" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="16" Val="220.000" Name="h`F" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="04" Val="220.000" Name="h`F2" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="24" Val="107.656" Name="h`E" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="34" Val="105.000" Name="h`Es" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="90" Val="110.000" Name="hmE" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="83" Val="20.000" Name="yE" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="86" Val="0.100" Name="FF" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="88" Val="9.050" Name="fMUF" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="89" Val="420.000" Name="h`(fMUF)" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<Modeled Name="foEp" Val="2.760" Units="MHz" ModelName="CCIR-79" />
<URSI ID="61" Val="3.600" Name="f(h`F)" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="60" Val="3.600" Name="f(h`F2)" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="92" Val="325.959" Name="hmF2" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="93" Val="231.867" Name="zhalfNm" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<Modeled Name="foF2p" Val="6.739" Units="MHz" ModelName="URSI-88" ModelOptions="NoStorm" />
<Custom Name="fminEs" Val="2.700" Description="Minimum frequency of Es-layer" Units="MHz" />
<URSI ID="94" Val="128.739" Name="yF2" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="71" Val="35.759" Name="TEC" Units="TECU" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="09" Val="70.724" Name="scale F2" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="D0" Val="141.030" Name="B0" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="D1" Val="1.830" Name="B1" QL="/" DL="/" />
</CharacteristicList>
<TraceList Num="3">
<Trace Type="standard" Layer="F2" Polarization="O" Num="125">
<FrequencyList Type="float" Units="MHz" Description="Nominal Frequency" >
3.55 3.6 3.65 3.7 3.75 3.8 3.85 3.9 3.95 4.0 4.05 4.1 4.15 4.2 4.25 4.3 4.35 4.4 4.45 4.5 4.55 4.6 4.65 4.7 4.75 4.8 4.85 4.9 4.95 5.0 5.05 5.1 5.15 5.2 5.25 5.3 5.35 5.4 5.45 5.5 5.55 5.6 5.65 5.7 5.75 5.8 5.85 5.9 5.95 6.0 6.05 6.1 6.15 6.2 6.25 6.3 6.35 6.4 6.45 6.5 6.55 6.6 6.65 6.7 6.75 6.8 6.85 6.9 6.95 7.0 7.05 7.1 7.15 7.2 7.25 7.3 7.35 7.4 7.45 7.5 7.55 7.6 7.65 7.7 7.75 7.8 7.85 7.9 7.95 8.0 8.05 8.1 8.15 8.2 8.25 8.3 8.35 8.4 8.45 8.5 8.55 8.6 8.65 8.7 8.75 8.8 8.85 8.9 8.95 9.0 9.05 9.1 9.15 9.2 9.25 9.3 9.35 9.4 9.45 9.5 9.55 9.6 9.65 9.7 9.75
</FrequencyList>
<RangeList Type="float" Units="km" Description="Group Range" >
225.000 220.000 220.000 220.000 220.000 220.000 220.000 220.000 220.000 222.188 224.375 226.563 228.750 230.938 233.125 235.313 237.500 239.688 241.875 244.063 246.250 248.438 250.625 252.813 255.000 260.000 260.000 260.000 260.000 265.000 265.000 266.667 268.333 270.000 275.000 276.667 278.333 280.000 281.667 283.333 285.000 286.667 288.333 290.000 290.000 290.000 290.000 295.000 297.500 300.000 300.000 301.667 303.333 305.000 305.000 305.000 305.000 305.000 305.000 305.000 308.333 311.667 315.000 315.000 315.000 315.000 320.000 320.000 320.000 320.000 325.000 325.000 325.000 330.000 332.500 335.000 335.000 335.000 335.000 335.000 340.000 340.000 340.000 345.000 350.000 350.000 350.000 350.000 355.000 360.000 360.000 360.000 365.000 365.000 370.000 370.000 375.000 375.000 380.000 385.000 385.000 390.000 395.000 395.000 400.000 405.000 405.000 410.000 415.000 420.000 420.000 430.000 430.000 435.000 440.000 445.024 450.869 457.753 465.981 475.988 488.423 504.290 525.238 554.171 596.731
</RangeList>
<TraceValueList Name="Amplitude" Type="integer" Units="dB" NoValue="0" Description="Relative Amplitude" >
51 57 54 57 57 60 60 63 60 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 57 0 0 0 0 51 0 60 60 66 0 60 63 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 60 63 66 66 66 0 57 63 0 0 57 63 66 0 60 60 63 0 0 57 60 63 63 60 63 0 60 60 63 60 60 45 48 57 63 66 66 63 66 63 63 51 60 66 63 66 57 66 66 63 66 63 66 63 63 63 57 63 63 57 66 66 60 66 66 63 63 60 57 60 60 60 60 63 57 57 57 54 54 54 51 45
</TraceValueList>
<TraceValueList Name="DopplerShift" Type="float" Units="Hz" NoValue="99.0" Description="Doppler Frequency Shift" >
-0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 2.734375 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625
</TraceValueList>
</Trace>
<Trace Type="standard" Layer="E" Polarization="O" Num="3">
<FrequencyList Type="float" Units="MHz" Description="Nominal Frequency" >
2.55 2.6 2.65
</FrequencyList>
<RangeList Type="float" Units="km" Description="Group Range" >
107.656 109.357 111.291
</RangeList>
<TraceValueList Name="Amplitude" Type="integer" Units="dB" NoValue="0" Description="Relative Amplitude" >
48 57 60
</TraceValueList>
<TraceValueList Name="DopplerShift" Type="float" Units="Hz" NoValue="99.0" Description="Doppler Frequency Shift" >
1.953125 -0.390625 -0.390625
</TraceValueList>
</Trace>
<Trace Type="standard" Layer="Es" Polarization="O" Num="17">
<FrequencyList Type="float" Units="MHz" Description="Nominal Frequency" >
2.7 2.75 2.8 2.85 2.9 2.95 3.0 3.05 3.1 3.15 3.2 3.25 3.3 3.35 3.4 3.45 3.5
</FrequencyList>
<RangeList Type="float" Units="km" Description="Group Range" >
107.500 105.000 110.000 107.500 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 105.000 110.000
</RangeList>
<TraceValueList Name="Amplitude" Type="integer" Units="dB" NoValue="0" Description="Relative Amplitude" >
0 63 60 0 63 60 66 66 66 66 66 66 0 0 57 60 51
</TraceValueList>
<TraceValueList Name="DopplerShift" Type="float" Units="Hz" NoValue="99.0" Description="Doppler Frequency Shift" >
0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625
</TraceValueList>
</Trace>
</TraceList>
<ProfileList Num="1">
<Profile  Algorithm="NH" AlgorithmVersion="4.33" Type="vertical" >
<Tabulated Num="188">
<AltitudeList Type="float" Units="km" Description="Altitude above station level" >
89.608 90.0 95.0 100.0 105.0 110.0 114.319 115.0 118.639 120.0 122.958 125.0 130.0 135.0 140.0 145.0 150.0 155.0 160.0 165.0 170.0 175.0 180.0 185.0 190.0 195.0 200.0 205.0 210.0 215.0 220.0 225.0 230.0 235.0 240.0 245.0 250.0 255.0 260.0 265.0 270.0 275.0 280.0 285.0 290.0 295.0 300.0 305.0 310.0 315.0 320.0 325.0 325.959 330.0 335.0 340.0 345.0 350.0 355.0 360.0 365.0 370.0 375.0 380.0 385.0 390.0 395.0 400.0 405.0 410.0 415.0 420.0 425.0 430.0 435.0 440.0 445.0 450.0 455.0 460.0 465.0 470.0 475.0 480.0 485.0 490.0 495.0 500.0 505.0 510.0 515.0 520.0 525.0 530.0 535.0 540.0 545.0 550.0 555.0 560.0 565.0 570.0 575.0 580.0 585.0 590.0 595.0 600.0 605.0 610.0 615.0 620.0 625.0 630.0 635.0 640.0 645.0 650.0 655.0 660.0 665.0 670.0 675.0 680.0 685.0 690.0 695.0 700.0 705.0 710.0 715.0 720.0 725.0 730.0 735.0 740.0 745.0 750.0 755.0 760.0 765.0 770.0 775.0 780.0 785.0 790.0 795.0 800.0 805.0 810.0 815.0 820.0 825.0 830.0 835.0 840.0 845.0 850.0 855.0 860.0 865.0 870.0 875.0 880.0 885.0 890.0 895.0 900.0 905.0 910.0 915.0 920.0 925.0 930.0 935.0 940.0 945.0 950.0 955.0 960.0 965.0 970.0 975.0 980.0 985.0 990.0 995.0 1000.0
</AltitudeList>
<ProfileValueList Name="PlasmaFrequency" Type="float" Units="MHz" Description="Plasma frequency" >
0.2 0.232 1.787 2.303 2.574 2.66 2.542 2.542 2.542 2.579 2.66 2.72 2.87 3.023 3.181 3.343 3.51 3.682 3.859 4.041 4.229 4.421 4.619 4.821 5.029 5.24 5.456 5.676 5.898 6.123 6.351 6.579 6.809 7.038 7.265 7.491 7.713 7.931 8.143 8.348 8.544 8.731 8.906 9.069 9.217 9.35 9.465 9.563 9.641 9.698 9.735 9.75 9.75 9.747 9.735 9.714 9.685 9.648 9.603 9.552 9.494 9.43 9.36 9.284 9.204 9.119 9.03 8.937 8.841 8.741 8.638 8.533 8.426 8.316 8.205 8.092 7.978 7.863 7.746 7.63 7.513 7.395 7.277 7.16 7.042 6.925 6.808 6.692 6.576 6.461 6.347 6.233 6.121 6.009 5.899 5.79 5.682 5.575 5.469 5.365 5.262 5.161 5.061 4.962 4.865 4.769 4.674 4.581 4.49 4.4 4.311 4.224 4.139 4.054 3.972 3.89 3.81 3.732 3.655 3.579 3.505 3.432 3.361 3.29 3.222 3.154 3.088 3.023 2.959 2.897 2.835 2.775 2.717 2.659 2.602 2.547 2.493 2.44 2.387 2.336 2.286 2.237 2.19 2.143 2.097 2.052 2.007 1.964 1.922 1.881 1.84 1.8 1.761 1.723 1.686 1.65 1.614 1.579 1.545 1.511 1.479 1.447 1.415 1.385 1.355 1.325 1.296 1.268 1.241 1.214 1.187 1.162 1.136 1.112 1.087 1.064 1.041 1.018 0.996 0.974 0.953 0.932 0.912 0.892 0.873 0.854 0.835 0.817

</ProfileValueList>
</Tabulated>
<ShiftedChebyshevList Num="2" >
<ShiftedChebyshev Region="E" StartFrequency="0.2" EndFrequency="2.66" PeakHeight="110.0" Num="3" Error="0.0">
-29.881 12.249 -2.76
</ShiftedChebyshev>
<ShiftedChebyshev Region="F2" StartFrequency="2.66" EndFrequency="9.75" PeakHeight="325.959" Num="5" zHalfNm="231.867" Error="2.258">
-188.621 -16.05 1.618 -0.066 0.118
</ShiftedChebyshev>
</ShiftedChebyshevList>
<ProfileValley Model="ULCAR" Width="12.958" Depth="0.118"/>
<TopsideChapman PeakHeight="325.959" PeakDensity="1179435.5" PeakScaleHeight="70.724" />
</Profile>
</ProfileList>
</SAORecord>
</SAORecordList>
