<?xml version="1.0"?>
<SAORecordList>
<SAORecord
FormatVersion="5.0"
StartTimeUTC="2026-02-24 -055 20:30:00.000"
URSICode="SAA0K"
StationName="SaoLuis"
GeoLatitude="-2.6"
GeoLongitude="315.8"
Source="Ionosonde"
SourceType="DPS-4"
ScalerType="auto">
<SystemInfo UMLStationID="903">
<FrequencyStepping StartFrequency="1.0" StopFrequency="18.0">
<LinearStepping Step="0.05" Units="MHz" />
</FrequencyStepping>
<RangeStepping StartRange="80.0" StopRange="1360.0" >
<LinearStepping Step="5.0" Units="km" />
</RangeStepping>
<AutoScaler Name="Artist5" Version="500200" ArtistFlags="1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 "/>
<Comments>AR.5002.44 Confidence: 85% PACIFIC flags: Multiple candidates for F2x cusp, One of F2 cusps was derived from the other</Comments>
<ContactPerson>
<Name>Dr. Mangalathayil Ali Abdu</Name>
<Affiliation>INPE, Division of Aeronomy</Affiliation>
<Address>Av dos Astronautas, 1.758 Jd. Granja - CEP: 12227-010 Sao Jose dos Campos - SP Brasil</Address>
<Email>maabdu@dae.inpe.br</Email>
</ContactPerson>
<StartTime Format="yyyy.MM.dd (DDD) HH:mm:ss" TimeZone="Coordinated Universal Time" >
2026.02.24 (055) 20:30:00</StartTime>
<SolarTerrestrialData>
<GyroFrequency Val="0.63" Model="IGRF 3.0" Altitude="300"/>
<DipAngle Val="-11.15" Model="IGRF 3.0" Altitude="300"/>
<DeclinationAngle Val="-19.74" Model="IGRF 3.0" Altitude="300"/>
<SunSpotNumber Val="-1.0" Status="predicted"/>
</SolarTerrestrialData>
<DigisondePreface Format="FF">
FF202605502242030009039031101000005018000000001107501000080502560000000040000
</DigisondePreface>
</SystemInfo>
<CharacteristicList Num="31" >
<URSI ID="00" Val="10.550" Name="foF2" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="03" Val="2.458" Name="M(D)" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="07" Val="25.930" Name="MUF(D)" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="42" Val="1.450" Name="fmin" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="30" Val="4.850" Name="foEs" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="80" Val="5.000" Name="fminF" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="81" Val="1.450" Name="fminE" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="20" Val="2.060" Name="foE" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="51" Val="10.850" Name="fxI" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="16" Val="300.000" Name="h`F" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="04" Val="300.000" Name="h`F2" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="24" Val="100.522" Name="h`E" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="34" Val="105.000" Name="h`Es" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="90" Val="100.552" Name="hmE" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="83" Val="10.419" Name="yE" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="86" Val="0.100" Name="FF" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="88" Val="9.450" Name="fMUF" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="89" Val="485.000" Name="h`(fMUF)" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<Custom Name="dlt foF2" Val="0.000" Description="Adjustment to the scaled foF2 during profile inversion" Units="MHz" />
<Modeled Name="foEp" Val="1.945" Units="MHz" ModelName="CCIR-79" />
<URSI ID="61" Val="5.000" Name="f(h`F)" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="60" Val="5.000" Name="f(h`F2)" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="92" Val="393.623" Name="hmF2" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="93" Val="278.027" Name="zhalfNm" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<Modeled Name="foF2p" Val="8.365" Units="MHz" ModelName="URSI-88" ModelOptions="NoStorm" />
<Custom Name="fminEs" Val="2.650" Description="Minimum frequency of Es-layer" Units="MHz" />
<URSI ID="94" Val="160.541" Name="yF2" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="71" Val="50.327" Name="TEC" Units="TECU" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="09" Val="84.887" Name="scale F2" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="D0" Val="175.390" Name="B0" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="D1" Val="1.690" Name="B1" QL="/" DL="/" />
</CharacteristicList>
<TraceList Num="3">
<Trace Type="standard" Layer="F2" Polarization="O" Num="112">
<FrequencyList Type="float" Units="MHz" Description="Nominal Frequency" >
5.0 5.05 5.1 5.15 5.2 5.25 5.3 5.35 5.4 5.45 5.5 5.55 5.6 5.65 5.7 5.75 5.8 5.85 5.9 5.95 6.0 6.05 6.1 6.15 6.2 6.25 6.3 6.35 6.4 6.45 6.5 6.55 6.6 6.65 6.7 6.75 6.8 6.85 6.9 6.95 7.0 7.05 7.1 7.15 7.2 7.25 7.3 7.35 7.4 7.45 7.5 7.55 7.6 7.65 7.7 7.75 7.8 7.85 7.9 7.95 8.0 8.05 8.1 8.15 8.2 8.25 8.3 8.35 8.4 8.45 8.5 8.55 8.6 8.65 8.7 8.75 8.8 8.85 8.9 8.95 9.0 9.05 9.1 9.15 9.2 9.25 9.3 9.35 9.4 9.45 9.5 9.55 9.6 9.65 9.7 9.75 9.8 9.85 9.9 9.95 10.0 10.05 10.1 10.15 10.2 10.25 10.3 10.35 10.4 10.45 10.5 10.55
</FrequencyList>
<RangeList Type="float" Units="km" Description="Group Range" >
300.000 300.000 302.500 305.000 300.000 300.000 305.000 310.000 310.000 310.000 315.000 320.000 320.000 321.667 323.333 325.000 325.000 325.000 326.250 327.500 328.750 330.000 331.250 332.500 333.750 335.000 335.000 340.000 345.000 345.000 345.000 345.000 347.500 350.000 352.500 355.000 357.500 360.000 360.000 360.000 365.000 367.500 370.000 370.000 370.000 375.000 375.000 377.500 380.000 385.000 385.000 390.000 390.000 395.000 395.000 400.000 400.000 405.000 406.667 408.333 410.000 415.000 416.667 418.333 420.000 425.000 427.500 430.000 430.000 435.000 435.000 435.000 440.000 445.000 445.000 445.000 450.000 450.000 453.333 456.667 460.000 465.000 465.000 470.000 470.000 475.000 475.000 480.000 485.000 485.000 490.000 495.000 500.000 505.000 510.000 515.000 520.000 525.000 530.000 535.000 541.459 548.526 556.294 564.870 574.389 585.015 596.952 610.459 625.869 643.613 664.265 688.604
</RangeList>
<TraceValueList Name="Amplitude" Type="integer" Units="dB" NoValue="0" Description="Relative Amplitude" >
57 66 51 69 63 0 0 63 54 0 0 51 54 0 0 57 63 66 0 0 0 51 0 0 0 75 72 57 66 66 75 66 0 63 45 72 0 69 75 72 66 0 69 63 72 75 72 0 66 63 69 57 63 63 75 69 69 54 0 0 66 60 0 0 66 63 45 57 66 57 63 63 66 63 60 63 57 51 0 0 60 57 63 54 66 63 66 66 60 63 57 60 0 63 0 0 0 66 66 60 51 51 0 51 51 54 48 42 48 48 48 45
</TraceValueList>
<TraceValueList Name="DopplerShift" Type="float" Units="Hz" NoValue="99.0" Description="Doppler Frequency Shift" >
-0.390625 -0.390625 -1.171875 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 1.953125 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -1.171875 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 1.953125 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -2.734375 -0.390625 2.734375 -0.390625 2.734375 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625
</TraceValueList>
</Trace>
<Trace Type="standard" Layer="E" Polarization="O" Num="13">
<FrequencyList Type="float" Units="MHz" Description="Nominal Frequency" >
1.45 1.5 1.55 1.6 1.65 1.7 1.75 1.8 1.85 1.9 1.95 2.0 2.05
</FrequencyList>
<RangeList Type="float" Units="km" Description="Group Range" >
100.522 101.019 101.557 102.143 102.782 103.486 104.268 105.145 106.144 107.306 108.697 110.443 112.819
</RangeList>
<TraceValueList Name="Amplitude" Type="integer" Units="dB" NoValue="0" Description="Relative Amplitude" >
54 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 54 0 0 54 0
</TraceValueList>
<TraceValueList Name="DopplerShift" Type="float" Units="Hz" NoValue="99.0" Description="Doppler Frequency Shift" >
0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 1.171875 -0.390625 0.390625 -2.734375 -0.390625 -0.390625 -1.953125 -0.390625 -0.390625
</TraceValueList>
</Trace>
<Trace Type="standard" Layer="Es" Polarization="O" Num="45">
<FrequencyList Type="float" Units="MHz" Description="Nominal Frequency" >
2.65 2.7 2.75 2.8 2.85 2.9 2.95 3.0 3.05 3.1 3.15 3.2 3.25 3.3 3.35 3.4 3.45 3.5 3.55 3.6 3.65 3.7 3.75 3.8 3.85 3.9 3.95 4.0 4.05 4.1 4.15 4.2 4.25 4.3 4.35 4.4 4.45 4.5 4.55 4.6 4.65 4.7 4.75 4.8 4.85
</FrequencyList>
<RangeList Type="float" Units="km" Description="Group Range" >
95.000 95.000 95.714 96.429 97.143 97.857 98.571 99.286 100.000 100.000 100.000 105.000 105.000 100.000 95.000 95.000 105.000 110.000 109.286 108.571 107.857 107.143 106.429 105.714 105.000 105.000 106.667 108.333 110.000 111.667 113.333 115.000 113.750 112.500 111.250 110.000 110.000 108.750 107.500 106.250 105.000 103.750 102.500 101.250 100.000
</RangeList>
<TraceValueList Name="Amplitude" Type="integer" Units="dB" NoValue="0" Description="Relative Amplitude" >
72 66 0 66 0 0 0 0 72 78 69 72 66 0 0 0 69 60 0 0 0 0 60 0 60 63 0 0 0 0 0 0 48 0 0 57 0 0 0 0 57 0 0 0 0
</TraceValueList>
<TraceValueList Name="DopplerShift" Type="float" Units="Hz" NoValue="99.0" Description="Doppler Frequency Shift" >
-0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -2.734375 0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -2.734375 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625
</TraceValueList>
</Trace>
</TraceList>
<ProfileList Num="1">
<Profile  Algorithm="NH" AlgorithmVersion="4.33" Type="vertical" >
<Tabulated Num="188">
<AltitudeList Type="float" Units="km" Description="Altitude above station level" >
90.0 95.0 100.0 100.552 105.0 109.068 110.0 115.0 117.583 120.0 125.0 126.099 130.0 135.0 140.0 145.0 150.0 155.0 160.0 165.0 170.0 175.0 180.0 185.0 190.0 195.0 200.0 205.0 210.0 215.0 220.0 225.0 230.0 235.0 240.0 245.0 250.0 255.0 260.0 265.0 270.0 275.0 280.0 285.0 290.0 295.0 300.0 305.0 310.0 315.0 320.0 325.0 330.0 335.0 340.0 345.0 350.0 355.0 360.0 365.0 370.0 375.0 380.0 385.0 390.0 393.623 395.0 400.0 405.0 410.0 415.0 420.0 425.0 430.0 435.0 440.0 445.0 450.0 455.0 460.0 465.0 470.0 475.0 480.0 485.0 490.0 495.0 500.0 505.0 510.0 515.0 520.0 525.0 530.0 535.0 540.0 545.0 550.0 555.0 560.0 565.0 570.0 575.0 580.0 585.0 590.0 595.0 600.0 605.0 610.0 615.0 620.0 625.0 630.0 635.0 640.0 645.0 650.0 655.0 660.0 665.0 670.0 675.0 680.0 685.0 690.0 695.0 700.0 705.0 710.0 715.0 720.0 725.0 730.0 735.0 740.0 745.0 750.0 755.0 760.0 765.0 770.0 775.0 780.0 785.0 790.0 795.0 800.0 805.0 810.0 815.0 820.0 825.0 830.0 835.0 840.0 845.0 850.0 855.0 860.0 865.0 870.0 875.0 880.0 885.0 890.0 895.0 900.0 905.0 910.0 915.0 920.0 925.0 930.0 935.0 940.0 945.0 950.0 955.0 960.0 965.0 970.0 975.0 980.0 985.0 990.0 995.0 1000.0
</AltitudeList>
<ProfileValueList Name="PlasmaFrequency" Type="float" Units="MHz" Description="Plasma frequency" >
0.2 1.744 2.057 2.06 2.022 1.919 1.919 1.919 1.919 1.959 2.042 2.06 2.177 2.32 2.46 2.6 2.743 2.889 3.039 3.193 3.353 3.518 3.687 3.862 4.041 4.225 4.413 4.603 4.797 4.992 5.189 5.387 5.585 5.784 5.982 6.18 6.377 6.573 6.768 6.962 7.154 7.345 7.534 7.722 7.908 8.091 8.273 8.452 8.629 8.802 8.972 9.139 9.301 9.458 9.61 9.755 9.892 10.021 10.139 10.245 10.338 10.416 10.477 10.521 10.545 10.55 10.55 10.544 10.532 10.513 10.488 10.457 10.42 10.378 10.331 10.278 10.221 10.16 10.094 10.025 9.952 9.875 9.795 9.713 9.627 9.539 9.449 9.356 9.262 9.166 9.068 8.968 8.868 8.766 8.663 8.56 8.456 8.351 8.245 8.14 8.034 7.928 7.822 7.716 7.61 7.504 7.398 7.293 7.189 7.085 6.981 6.878 6.776 6.674 6.573 6.473 6.374 6.275 6.178 6.081 5.985 5.89 5.797 5.704 5.612 5.522 5.432 5.343 5.256 5.169 5.084 5.0 4.917 4.835 4.754 4.674 4.595 4.517 4.441 4.365 4.291 4.218 4.145 4.074 4.004 3.935 3.867 3.8 3.734 3.669 3.605 3.542 3.481 3.42 3.36 3.301 3.243 3.186 3.13 3.074 3.02 2.967 2.914 2.862 2.812 2.762 2.713 2.664 2.617 2.57 2.524 2.479 2.435 2.391 2.349 2.307 2.265 2.225 2.185 2.145 2.107 2.069 2.032 1.995 1.959 1.924 1.889 1.855

</ProfileValueList>
</Tabulated>
<ShiftedChebyshevList Num="2" >
<ShiftedChebyshev Region="E" StartFrequency="0.2" EndFrequency="2.06" PeakHeight="100.552" Num="3" Error="3.142">
-15.189 5.854 -1.217
</ShiftedChebyshev>
<ShiftedChebyshev Region="F2" StartFrequency="2.06" EndFrequency="10.55" PeakHeight="393.623" Num="5" zHalfNm="278.027" Error="3.383">
-253.287 -24.137 13.416 -5.617 2.101
</ShiftedChebyshev>
</ShiftedChebyshevList>
<ProfileValley Model="ULCAR" Width="25.547" Depth="0.141"/>
<TopsideChapman PeakHeight="393.623" PeakDensity="1380924.4" PeakScaleHeight="84.887" />
</Profile>
</ProfileList>
</SAORecord>
</SAORecordList>
