<?xml version="1.0"?>
<SAORecordList>
<SAORecord
FormatVersion="5.0"
StartTimeUTC="2026-02-28 -059 10:10:00.000"
URSICode="SAA0K"
StationName="SaoLuis"
GeoLatitude="-2.6"
GeoLongitude="315.8"
Source="Ionosonde"
SourceType="DPS-4"
ScalerType="auto">
<SystemInfo UMLStationID="903">
<FrequencyStepping StartFrequency="1.0" StopFrequency="18.0">
<LinearStepping Step="0.05" Units="MHz" />
</FrequencyStepping>
<RangeStepping StartRange="80.0" StopRange="1360.0" >
<LinearStepping Step="5.0" Units="km" />
</RangeStepping>
<AutoScaler Name="Artist5" Version="500200" ArtistFlags="1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 "/>
<Comments>AR.5002.44 Confidence: 95% PACIFIC flags: Multiple candidates for F2x cusp</Comments>
<ContactPerson>
<Name>Dr. Mangalathayil Ali Abdu</Name>
<Affiliation>INPE, Division of Aeronomy</Affiliation>
<Address>Av dos Astronautas, 1.758 Jd. Granja - CEP: 12227-010 Sao Jose dos Campos - SP Brasil</Address>
<Email>maabdu@dae.inpe.br</Email>
</ContactPerson>
<StartTime Format="yyyy.MM.dd (DDD) HH:mm:ss" TimeZone="Coordinated Universal Time" >
2026.02.28 (059) 10:10:00</StartTime>
<SolarTerrestrialData>
<GyroFrequency Val="0.63" Model="IGRF 3.0" Altitude="300"/>
<DipAngle Val="-11.15" Model="IGRF 3.0" Altitude="300"/>
<DeclinationAngle Val="-19.74" Model="IGRF 3.0" Altitude="300"/>
<SunSpotNumber Val="-1.0" Status="predicted"/>
</SolarTerrestrialData>
<DigisondePreface Format="FF">
FF202605902281010009039031101000005018000000001107501000080502560000000040000
</DigisondePreface>
</SystemInfo>
<CharacteristicList Num="31" >
<URSI ID="00" Val="8.900" Name="foF2" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="03" Val="3.193" Name="M(D)" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="07" Val="28.416" Name="MUF(D)" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="42" Val="2.250" Name="fmin" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="30" Val="3.050" Name="foEs" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="80" Val="3.050" Name="fminF" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="81" Val="2.250" Name="fminE" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="20" Val="2.360" Name="foE" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="51" Val="9.250" Name="fxI" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="16" Val="235.000" Name="h`F" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="04" Val="235.000" Name="h`F2" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="24" Val="116.097" Name="h`E" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="34" Val="115.000" Name="h`Es" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="90" Val="110.000" Name="hmE" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="83" Val="20.000" Name="yE" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="86" Val="0.100" Name="FF" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="88" Val="8.300" Name="fMUF" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="89" Val="335.000" Name="h`(fMUF)" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<Custom Name="dlt foF2" Val="0.000" Description="Adjustment to the scaled foF2 during profile inversion" Units="MHz" />
<Modeled Name="foEp" Val="2.206" Units="MHz" ModelName="CCIR-79" />
<URSI ID="61" Val="3.200" Name="f(h`F)" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="60" Val="3.200" Name="f(h`F2)" Units="MHz" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="92" Val="280.811" Name="hmF2" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="93" Val="218.540" Name="zhalfNm" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<Modeled Name="foF2p" Val="6.305" Units="MHz" ModelName="URSI-88" ModelOptions="NoStorm" />
<Custom Name="fminEs" Val="2.400" Description="Minimum frequency of Es-layer" Units="MHz" />
<URSI ID="94" Val="87.253" Name="yF2" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="71" Val="20.557" Name="TEC" Units="TECU" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="09" Val="48.446" Name="scale F2" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="D0" Val="83.110" Name="B0" Units="km" QL="/" DL="/" />
<URSI ID="D1" Val="2.370" Name="B1" QL="/" DL="/" />
</CharacteristicList>
<TraceList Num="3">
<Trace Type="standard" Layer="F2" Polarization="O" Num="118">
<FrequencyList Type="float" Units="MHz" Description="Nominal Frequency" >
3.05 3.1 3.15 3.2 3.25 3.3 3.35 3.4 3.45 3.5 3.55 3.6 3.65 3.7 3.75 3.8 3.85 3.9 3.95 4.0 4.05 4.1 4.15 4.2 4.25 4.3 4.35 4.4 4.45 4.5 4.55 4.6 4.65 4.7 4.75 4.8 4.85 4.9 4.95 5.0 5.05 5.1 5.15 5.2 5.25 5.3 5.35 5.4 5.45 5.5 5.55 5.6 5.65 5.7 5.75 5.8 5.85 5.9 5.95 6.0 6.05 6.1 6.15 6.2 6.25 6.3 6.35 6.4 6.45 6.5 6.55 6.6 6.65 6.7 6.75 6.8 6.85 6.9 6.95 7.0 7.05 7.1 7.15 7.2 7.25 7.3 7.35 7.4 7.45 7.5 7.55 7.6 7.65 7.7 7.75 7.8 7.85 7.9 7.95 8.0 8.05 8.1 8.15 8.2 8.25 8.3 8.35 8.4 8.45 8.5 8.55 8.6 8.65 8.7 8.75 8.8 8.85 8.9
</FrequencyList>
<RangeList Type="float" Units="km" Description="Group Range" >
240.000 240.000 240.000 235.000 235.000 235.000 235.000 235.000 240.000 241.667 243.333 245.000 242.500 240.000 240.000 240.000 240.000 242.500 245.000 245.000 245.000 245.000 245.000 245.000 245.000 255.000 250.000 250.000 250.000 250.000 250.000 250.000 250.000 250.000 250.000 255.000 255.000 255.000 255.000 255.000 255.000 260.000 260.000 260.000 260.000 260.000 260.000 260.000 260.000 265.000 265.000 265.000 265.000 265.000 265.000 265.000 265.000 267.500 270.000 270.000 270.000 270.000 270.000 272.500 275.000 275.000 280.000 280.000 280.000 280.000 280.000 280.000 282.000 284.000 286.000 288.000 290.000 290.000 290.000 290.000 290.000 290.000 295.000 295.000 295.000 300.000 300.000 300.000 300.000 305.000 305.000 310.000 310.000 310.000 310.000 315.000 315.000 315.000 320.000 320.000 325.000 330.000 330.000 335.000 335.000 335.000 345.000 350.000 350.000 355.000 360.000 365.819 373.246 383.051 396.598 416.530 448.756 509.722
</RangeList>
<TraceValueList Name="Amplitude" Type="integer" Units="dB" NoValue="0" Description="Relative Amplitude" >
57 57 60 57 60 54 57 60 54 0 0 51 0 54 0 54 57 0 48 0 0 54 63 60 63 0 0 0 63 0 60 60 63 51 45 60 63 63 63 60 57 63 0 66 66 66 63 63 63 69 0 69 69 72 66 69 69 0 75 0 0 66 63 0 66 0 0 0 0 63 69 69 0 0 66 54 57 66 60 69 69 72 69 69 72 60 63 66 69 63 63 51 60 63 66 66 72 72 72 72 72 63 69 63 66 69 66 60 63 66 66 69 66 63 66 63 57 51
</TraceValueList>
<TraceValueList Name="DopplerShift" Type="float" Units="Hz" NoValue="99.0" Description="Doppler Frequency Shift" >
0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 -2.734375 -1.953125 0.390625 -1.171875 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 0.390625 1.171875
</TraceValueList>
</Trace>
<Trace Type="standard" Layer="E" Polarization="O" Num="3">
<FrequencyList Type="float" Units="MHz" Description="Nominal Frequency" >
2.25 2.3 2.35
</FrequencyList>
<RangeList Type="float" Units="km" Description="Group Range" >
116.097 118.449 122.295
</RangeList>
<TraceValueList Name="Amplitude" Type="integer" Units="dB" NoValue="0" Description="Relative Amplitude" >
57 63 57
</TraceValueList>
<TraceValueList Name="DopplerShift" Type="float" Units="Hz" NoValue="99.0" Description="Doppler Frequency Shift" >
0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625
</TraceValueList>
</Trace>
<Trace Type="standard" Layer="Es" Polarization="O" Num="14">
<FrequencyList Type="float" Units="MHz" Description="Nominal Frequency" >
2.4 2.45 2.5 2.55 2.6 2.65 2.7 2.75 2.8 2.85 2.9 2.95 3.0 3.05
</FrequencyList>
<RangeList Type="float" Units="km" Description="Group Range" >
120.000 115.000 130.000 125.000 130.000 129.286 128.571 127.857 127.143 126.429 125.714 125.000 130.000 125.000
</RangeList>
<TraceValueList Name="Amplitude" Type="integer" Units="dB" NoValue="0" Description="Relative Amplitude" >
60 48 54 60 54 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 57 0
</TraceValueList>
<TraceValueList Name="DopplerShift" Type="float" Units="Hz" NoValue="99.0" Description="Doppler Frequency Shift" >
-0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625 -2.734375 -0.390625 -0.390625 -1.953125 -0.390625 -0.390625 0.390625 -0.390625
</TraceValueList>
</Trace>
</TraceList>
<ProfileList Num="1">
<Profile  Algorithm="NH" AlgorithmVersion="4.33" Type="vertical" >
<Tabulated Num="177">
<AltitudeList Type="float" Units="km" Description="Altitude above station level" >
89.67 90.0 95.0 100.0 105.0 110.0 115.0 117.094 120.0 124.187 125.0 130.0 131.281 135.0 140.0 145.0 150.0 155.0 160.0 165.0 170.0 175.0 180.0 185.0 190.0 195.0 200.0 205.0 210.0 215.0 220.0 225.0 230.0 235.0 240.0 245.0 250.0 255.0 260.0 265.0 270.0 275.0 280.0 280.811 285.0 290.0 295.0 300.0 305.0 310.0 315.0 320.0 325.0 330.0 335.0 340.0 345.0 350.0 355.0 360.0 365.0 370.0 375.0 380.0 385.0 390.0 395.0 400.0 405.0 410.0 415.0 420.0 425.0 430.0 435.0 440.0 445.0 450.0 455.0 460.0 465.0 470.0 475.0 480.0 485.0 490.0 495.0 500.0 505.0 510.0 515.0 520.0 525.0 530.0 535.0 540.0 545.0 550.0 555.0 560.0 565.0 570.0 575.0 580.0 585.0 590.0 595.0 600.0 605.0 610.0 615.0 620.0 625.0 630.0 635.0 640.0 645.0 650.0 655.0 660.0 665.0 670.0 675.0 680.0 685.0 690.0 695.0 700.0 705.0 710.0 715.0 720.0 725.0 730.0 735.0 740.0 745.0 750.0 755.0 760.0 765.0 770.0 775.0 780.0 785.0 790.0 795.0 800.0 805.0 810.0 815.0 820.0 825.0 830.0 835.0 840.0 845.0 850.0 855.0 860.0 865.0 870.0 875.0 880.0 885.0 890.0 895.0 900.0 905.0 910.0 915.0 920.0 925.0 930.0 935.0 940.0 945.0
</AltitudeList>
<ProfileValueList Name="PlasmaFrequency" Type="float" Units="MHz" Description="Plasma frequency" >
0.2 0.228 1.584 2.043 2.284 2.36 2.293 2.223 2.223 2.223 2.239 2.335 2.36 2.46 2.594 2.728 2.866 3.01 3.162 3.322 3.495 3.681 3.884 4.107 4.354 4.629 4.933 5.269 5.633 6.017 6.407 6.789 7.15 7.481 7.779 8.041 8.267 8.457 8.613 8.735 8.823 8.878 8.9 8.9 8.894 8.87 8.83 8.775 8.706 8.625 8.532 8.429 8.317 8.196 8.069 7.935 7.796 7.652 7.504 7.354 7.201 7.046 6.891 6.734 6.577 6.42 6.264 6.109 5.955 5.802 5.652 5.503 5.356 5.211 5.069 4.929 4.791 4.657 4.525 4.396 4.269 4.146 4.025 3.908 3.793 3.68 3.571 3.465 3.361 3.26 3.162 3.066 2.973 2.882 2.794 2.709 2.626 2.545 2.467 2.391 2.317 2.245 2.175 2.108 2.042 1.979 1.917 1.857 1.799 1.743 1.688 1.635 1.584 1.534 1.486 1.439 1.394 1.35 1.308 1.267 1.227 1.188 1.151 1.114 1.079 1.045 1.012 0.98 0.949 0.919 0.89 0.862 0.835 0.808 0.783 0.758 0.734 0.711 0.688 0.666 0.645 0.625 0.605 0.586 0.567 0.549 0.532 0.515 0.499 0.483 0.468 0.453 0.438 0.424 0.411 0.398 0.385 0.373 0.361 0.35 0.339 0.328 0.318 0.308 0.298 0.288 0.279 0.27 0.262 0.253 0.245 0.238 0.23 0.223 0.216 0.209 0.202

</ProfileValueList>
</Tabulated>
<ShiftedChebyshevList Num="2" >
<ShiftedChebyshev Region="E" StartFrequency="0.2" EndFrequency="2.36" PeakHeight="110.0" Num="3" Error="0.0">
-29.553 11.784 -2.561
</ShiftedChebyshev>
<ShiftedChebyshev Region="F2" StartFrequency="2.36" EndFrequency="8.9" PeakHeight="280.811" Num="5" zHalfNm="218.54" Error="2.585">
-132.942 -9.419 -9.648 1.668 0.811
</ShiftedChebyshev>
</ShiftedChebyshevList>
<ProfileValley Model="ULCAR" Width="21.281" Depth="0.137"/>
<TopsideChapman PeakHeight="280.811" PeakDensity="982754.3" PeakScaleHeight="48.446" />
</Profile>
</ProfileList>
</SAORecord>
</SAORecordList>
